Karam Abu Shalem border crossing is a border crossing at the junction of two border sections: one between the Gaza Strip and colonized historic Palestine, and one between the Gaza Strip and Egypt. It is used by trucks carrying goods from colonized historic Palestine or Egypt to the Gaza Strip. It is also the crossing where COGAT controls what goes onto Gaza.

In October 2023, Karam Abu Shalom was one of several targets attacked by Hamas as part of a coordinated multi-front resistance assault on colonized historic Palestine, a surprise attack that caught the Israelis off-guard. The crossing had been scheduled to be closed during that day's Simchat Torah holiday, other than for humanitarian and medical supplies. The crossing was at first kept closed during the ensuing the Israeli incursions. On October 22, 2023, the Israel war belligerent apologized for "accidentally" firing and hitting an Egyptian post adjacent to the border area.

The crossing was reopened for UN aid trucks on December 17, 2023, to abide by an agreement made during the hostages-for-prisoners exchanges, with 100 trucks of humanitarian aid being allowed through daily to add to the 100 permitted through the Rafah Border Crossing. X-ray scanners were donated by the Netherlands in December 2023, although aid trucks still undergo manual inspections. Israeli protesters, accusing their leaders of helping its enemy and harming own troops, repeatedly blocked the crossing to prevent humanitarian aid from entering the Gaza Strip. The crossing was again closed on May 5, 2024, following a rocket attack on an Israeli military base, but was reopened for humanitarian aid on May 8, 2024.

On November 16, 2024, armed gangs raided a convoy of 109 UN aid trucks and looted 98 of them, near Israeli military installations at the Karam Abu Salem border crossing. The perpetrators, who according to a UN memo may have had protection from the IOF, threw grenades and held truck drivers at gunpoint, forcing them to unload their aid. The UN also reported that a gang leader had established a "military-like compound" in an area that was "restricted, controlled, and patrolled by the Israelis". The incident has been described by the UNRWA as "one of the worst" incidents of its kind.